不同材料负载Ani/TiO2光降解印染废水

使用常见的工业材料:玻璃、铝片和镍网为载体,苯胺(Ani)作为氮掺杂剂,通过溶胶-凝胶法,制备了不同材料负载Ani/TiO2,并研究其在降解以酸性品红模拟的印染废水的光催化氧化性能。结果表明,玻璃、铝片和镍网负载Ani/TiO2最佳N/Ti值分别为0.250、0.040和0.040,并验证了N掺杂TiO2在日光利用方面的优势,提高了光催化剂的实际应用性;最佳pH值均为6～8;最佳处理初始浓度分别为10、12和12 mg/L;其光催化活性都会随着溶液深度的增加而降低;氧化剂硝酸铁的最佳投加浓度均为0.5×10-5到1.0×10-5mol/L;综合来看,玻璃负载Ani/TiO2的活性最高,铝片负载Ani/TiO2次之,镍网负载Ani/TiO2最差。     

传统的低碳节能民居建筑

<正>有研究报告显示,在过去的四年里,中国建筑的面积总量年增长率为6%,而中国建筑的能源消耗总量年增长率为10%。这说明我们建筑节能跟不上建筑开发的步伐,与全世界发展低碳节能经济的大环境,与党和国家提出的建设低耗节能型社会的要求不符,必须大大提高对建筑低     

环境高校图书馆人员的在职教育

由于环境科学迅速发展,环境图书激增,环境高等教育也在快速发展,而环境高校大部分图书馆人员没有经过环境专业教育,因此环境高校图书馆人员在职教育很有必要;其主要方式有学历教育、函授教育、岗位培训、专项教育与自学;其重点内容是环境科学,还包括其他相关学科、现代技术、语言工具等.     

渤海北部典型芳香烃类化合物污染状况及生态风险评价

为探究渤海北部海上油气区及周边近岸海域典型芳香烃类化合物污染状况,2015年5月现场采集了32个站位的海水样品,针对7种苯系物(BTEX)和17种多环芳烃(PAHs)进行测定,并采用商值法和毒性当量法对污染物开展单一和联合生态风险评估。结果显示,研究海域海水中7种苯系物总含量范围为65.1～222.6 ng·L~(-1),以甲苯含量最高,表层含量略低于底层,油气区平均含量低于周边近岸,受到陆源污染输入的影响特征明显。表层海水中ΣPAHs含量范围为98.9～356.0 ng·L~(-1),平均值为184.5 ng·L~(-1),以低环芳烃占优势,总体处于中等水平,比值法判定该海域PAHs可能主要来源于石油及其加工产品。该海域海水中苯并(a)芘的风险商RQ值大于0.1,表现出低度风险,其余3种处于可接受水平。4种芳香烃类化合物联合生态风险等级为低度风险,对生态系统具有潜在的不利影响,但不同区域仍存在一定差异性,海上石油开采与陆源输入是影响该海域个别区域生态风险较高的重要因素。     

环境污染物浓缩铀诱发雄性机体的生殖毒性研究

在不同水平浓缩铀￣（２３５）ＵＯ＿２Ｆ＿２内污染诱发机体生殖毒性的研究中，观察到浓缩铀可诱发精子畸形，主要呈现双头和无钩精子。浓缩铀诱发精原细胞染色体畸变，则以染色体断片为主，对初级精母细胞可产生染色体断片和易位，出现多价体。浓缩铀可致精子ＤＮＡ链断裂，其断裂片段则可随￣（２３５）ＵＯ＿２Ｆ＿２摄入量的加大而增多，浓缩铀引起遗传物质的损伤，可诱发胎鼠显性致死突变和骨骼畸形增生，而其诱发骨骼畸形的发生率则与睾丸浓缩铀的摄入量呈正相关。     

当前环境执法中存在的问题及对策研究

环境执法不力是环境保护的薄弱环节,文章分析了当前环境执法中存在的问题及原因,并针对性地提出了加强环境执法的对策,实施这些对策对推动环境保护走上依法管理的轨道具有重要意义.     

中国土壤表层钙元素背景值的地域最佳估值研究

应用地统计学方法研究了中国土壤表层钙元素背景值的空间变异结构,并藉此进行了钙元素背景值的地域估值.结果表明,这种估值方法突出反映了钙元素在中国的宏观变化规律.与趋势面方法相比,具有明显优势.     

高梁种子萌发成苗过程中水分需求的量化研究

用渗透势不同的聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）６０００模拟外界环境水分条件，对高梁不同品种的种子在萌动、萌发及成苗３个阶段水分需求的量化研究表明：种子的抗旱性随吸水进程的推进而减弱，种子在萌动、萌发及出士成苗的时间（ｔ）与外界环境水势（ｗ）之间存在着１／ｔ＝ａ＋ｂｗ的关系，据此推算不同品种在不同成苗阶段的需水阈值，发现不同品种在同一成苗过程中对环境水分条件的反应不同，抗旱性也不同．     

Emission patterns of biogenic volatile organic compounds from dominant forest species in Beijing, China

Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) have significant effects on atmospheric chemistry, ozone formation and secondary organic aerosol formation. Considering few investigations about BOVCs emissions in north China where is facing serious air pollution in recent years, emissions of various BVOCs from 24 dominant forest species in Beijing were measured from June to September in 2018, using a dynamic headspace sampling method. More than one hundred BVOCs in the collected samples were identified by using an automatic thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and their emission rates based on leaf biomass were calculated. Isoprene and monoterpenes were verified to be the dominant BVOCs emitted from the tree species, accounting for more than 50% of the total BVOCs. Generally, broad-leaved species displayed high isoprene emission rates, especially the Platanus occidentalis (21.36 µg/(g?hr)), Robinia pseudoacacia (11.55 µg/(g?hr)), and Lonicera maackii (9.17 µg/(g?hr)), while coniferous species emitted high rates of monoterpenes, such as Platycladus orientalis (27.18 µg/(g?hr)), Pinus griffithii (23.11 µg/(g?hr)), and Pinus armandii (7.42 µg/(g?hr)). High emission rates of monoterpenes from the broad-leaved species of Buxus megistophylla (13.07 µg/(g?hr)) and Ligustrum vicaryi (5.74 µg/(g?hr)), and high isoprene emission rate from the coniferous tree of Taxus cuspidata (5.86 µg/(g?hr)) were also observed. The emission rates of sesquiterpenes from each tree were usually 10–100 times smaller than those of isoprene and monoterpenes. Additionally, relatively high emission rates of oxygenated volatile organic compounds and other alkenes than isoprene and monoterpenes were also found for several tree species.     

Characteristic of organic aerosol in a remote area of Okinawa Island

A continuous investigation of aerosol pollutants in Cape Hedo, Japan was conducted from October 2005 to August 2006 by Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). This article focused on the analysis of long-range transport of organic aerosol from continental origin to the remote island. Based on the transport distance and air mass origin, four main air mass origins were considered, including North China, South China, Japan and Korea. Although the mass concentration and air mass origin were quite different during study period, the mass spectrum and size distribution of organic matter and oxidized organics were similar, which showed uni-modal distribution with modal diameter of around 500 nm. The loss rate of organics was (5.15 ± 0.55) × 10-⁶ s-¹ obtained by plotting the concentration against the transport time. Conversion rate of SO₂ to sulfate and oxidation rate of organics were (1.07 ± 0.15) × 10-⁵ and (1.09 ± 0.52) × 10-⁶s-¹, respectively.